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Study reveals cancer vulnerabilities in popular dog breeds

The smallest dogs, including Pomeranians, miniature pinschers, shih tzus and chihuahuas have about a 10% chance of dying from cancer.

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Medium-sized dogs have a higher risk of developing cancer than the very largest or smallest breeds, according to a UC Riverside study. 

The study, published in the Royal Society Open Science, set out to test a model of how cancer begins. This model, called the multistage model, predicts that size is a risk factor for cancer. As it turns out, it is, but only when considering size variation within a single species. 

It is common for cells to acquire errors or mutations as they divide and form copies of themselves. Bigger animals, and those that live longer, have more cells and a longer lifespan during which those cells divide.  According to the multistage model, that means they have more opportunities to acquire mutations that eventually become cancer.

“The question that arises is why, then, don’t we get more cancer than a mouse? We don’t. There is no increase in cancer risk as animals increase in size from species to species,” said UC Riverside evolutionary biologist and study author Leonard Nunney. 

However, this isn’t true for animals of the same species. “Studies on humans show that tall people get more cancer than short people. It’s about a 10% increase over the baseline risk for every 10 centimeters in height,” Nunney said.

For more insight into these risk factors, Nunney required a species with a bigger difference between the smallest and biggest individuals. 

“Testing this in dogs is even better because you can compare a tiny chihuahua to a great Dane. That’s a 35-fold difference in size, and people can’t come close to that,” Nunney said. 

Surveying their mortality rates with three different data sets, Nunney found the smallest dogs, including Pomeranians, miniature pinschers, shih tzus and chihuahuas have about a 10% chance of dying from cancer. 

By comparison, many relatively large dogs, such as Burmese mountain dogs, have more than a 40% chance of death from cancer.   

There were some outliers in the study. Flat-coated retrievers had the highest mortality from cancer, getting a type of sarcoma with higher frequency than they should have for their size. Scottish terriers seemed to get more cancer than other small dog breeds. “Terriers in general get more cancer than expected for their size,” Nunney said. In general, however, the study supports the idea that size is a major risk factor for cancer. 

However, the very largest breeds, such as great Danes, have less cancer than medium-sized breeds. That is because of a well-known but as yet unexplained phenomenon: the life expectancy of dogs gets shorter with size. 

“For every pound increase in typical breed size you lose about two weeks of life. A very big dog, you’re lucky if they live past nine years, whereas small dogs can go about 14,” Nunney said.  Cancer is predominantly a disease of old age so by having a reduced lifespan the largest dogs have a reduced cancer risk.

According to the study, dog breeds are a clear fit with the multistage model of cancer acquisition that says larger size and longer lives offer more opportunities for cells to mutate. “I was surprised how well dogs fit the model,” Nunney said. “But that doesn’t happen when you compare a mouse to an elephant or a human to a whale. So, does that undermine the model in some way?” 

Nunney believes that an animal’s ability to avoid cancer increases with the size of the species. “My argument is that preventing cancer is an evolving trait, so a whale will have more ways of preventing cancer than a mouse does,” he said. 

While data are limited about the occurrences of cancer in whales, there is more information about rates in elephants, because they are kept in zoos. 

“Elephants don’t get much cancer. Their ancestors, long before mastodons, were much smaller, so how, en route to today’s size, did they avoid cancer?” he wondered. “The secret to preventing cancer could lie within the biology of larger animals.”

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Pet Care

New year, new goals for people and pets

Whether you’re aiming to eat better, exercise more or find peace of mind, one of the best strategies for success is the buddy system – and your pet might be the perfect partner.

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A new year brings fresh opportunities for a lifestyle reboot, and as you set health goals for 2025, remember that your pet can embark on the journey to healthier living right along beside you. Whether you’re aiming to eat better, exercise more or find peace of mind, one of the best strategies for success is the buddy system – and your pet might be the perfect partner.

Consider these three ways you and your pet can work toward healthy habits together this year.

Exercise
Many people find it challenging to stick to a gym routine and get the most out of that membership. However, there are countless ways to get exercise without relying on fancy gym equipment and working out at home means you can include your pet in the fun too. Even a simple walk or jog with your dog can be essential for vitality and well-being.

When you’re feeling ready for more adventure, head to a local park or hit the trails for an extra challenge. To keep things fun, try a game of fetch in the backyard or visit a dog park to add variety to your routines.

Diet
Eating real, recognizable and nutritious foods is essential for both humans and pets. An option like Nature’s Recipe delivers premium, natural nutrition with added vitamins, minerals and nutrients for pets at every life stage. With more than 40 years of expertise, its dog food recipes are inspired by nature and designed for dedicated pet parents who demand the best in nutrition.

“We’re committed to our promise that every ingredient counts,” said Dr. Preston Buff, principal scientist, nutrition and animal safety, Post Consumer Brands and Nature’s Recipe’s Pet nutritionist. “Pet parents can trust we use only the best to fuel their dog’s health and happiness. By focusing on premium ingredients that promote vitality, Nature’s Recipe empowers dog owners to invest in their pet’s health. We aim to recognize and delight pet parents who dive into ‘research mode’ and want healthy, nutrient-rich recipes.”

Emotional Serenity
Quality time with pets has been shown to lower cortisol levels in humans, helping to promote calm and wellness, according to the National Institutes of Health. Whether it’s a walk through the neighborhood, playing in the backyard, a gentle grooming session or simply offering the occasional belly rub, spending time with your pet can bring a sense of peace and well-being.

As you and your pet journey together toward a healthier lifestyle in 2025, remember the path to healthy living is even more rewarding when traveled with a buddy. Discover more ways to support your pet’s vitality, health and happiness in 2025 with purposeful, nutrient-rich nutrition by visiting naturesrecipe.com.

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Pet Care

Royal Canin Club launched

The new web-based platform is now accessible on any smartphone or tablet. This allows members to earn points from purchases and online activities, convert points to redeem from a wider selection of rewards, and receive exclusive vouchers at partner pet shops and veterinary clinics, further promoting responsible pet care.

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Royal Canin, a global leader in health nutrition for cats and dogs, is introducing the NEW Royal Canin Club, a loyalty reward program designed to benefit both pet owners and their pets

In line with its mission to equip pet owners with essential knowledge and resources to make informed decisions about their pets’ health, the new web-based platform is now accessible on any smartphone or tablet. This allows members to earn points from purchases and online activities, convert points to redeem from a wider selection of rewards, and receive exclusive vouchers at partner pet shops and veterinary clinics, further promoting responsible pet care.

Existing members will enjoy a seamless transition to the new platform, with all accounts, points, and perks automatically transferred. New members will be welcomed with up to six vouchers and receive personalized pet care tips when they update their pet profile, further reinforcing Royal Canin’s dedication to supporting pet owners.


The Royal Canin Club offers additional perks, including birthday treats, quizzes, and updates on promotions, as well as a “Where to Buy” feature to locate nearby partner stores and rewards for attending Royal Canin events. Designed to enrich the pet ownership experience, the club fosters a vibrant community committed to enhancing pet health and well-being. Pet owners are invited to access the Royal Canin Club at https://club.royalcanin.com.ph/

Regional Leadership in Pet Care

The launch of the Royal Canin Club platform complements the new Royal Canin Educational Hub in Cainta, Rizal, Philippines. This 850 sqm facility serves as a regional model for pet care education, offering hands-on workshops, expert-led sessions, and community events to help pet owners deepen their understanding of nutrition, grooming, and wellness. Set to open to the public in early 2025, the hub and platform together provide a comprehensive resource for pet care education and engagement.

With the Royal Canin Club web-based platform and the Southeast Asia Educational Hub, Royal Canin continues its commitment to “A Better World for Pets,” building a supportive, informed ecosystem that empowers pet owners to prioritize the health and longevity of their pets.

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Pet Care

Protect your pets from the changing weather with Igloo’s Pet Insure

For pet parents who want to be on top of their pet’s comfort and health in these conditions, here are some tips to keep in mind.

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We’ve all been victims of the changing weather–where shifting from hot to cold leave us scrambling for comfort and protection and often challenges our immune system to keep up. It’s the allergies, flu, and colds that catch us off guard.

But did you know that the same weather-related temperature changes pose challenges for our pets, too? Just like us, they can suffer from seasonal allergies, respiratory issues, and discomfort due to sudden shifts in temperature. It’s important to be mindful of their needs and take steps to ensure their well-being during these unpredictable weather patterns.

So for pet parents who want to be on top of their pet’s comfort and health in these conditions, here are some tips to keep in mind.

Ensure that they have climate-appropriate shelter

Just like us, your pet needs to have a comfortable place to rest that suits the weather–warm and cozy during cold spells, and cool and shaded during hot days. Additionally, it’s essential to ensure that your pets are well-suited to thrive in tropical climates like the Philippines as some breeds like dogs such as pugs and chow-chows are more prone to respiratory issues and heat strokes. 

Keep them well-fed and hydrated

Giving your pets a nutritious diet that supports their immune system can help them stay healthy and resilient against weather-related illnesses. And of course, never forget hydration. Keeping your pets well-hydrated during hot weather to prevent dehydration and heat stroke.

Exercise wisely

A pet’s health is also closely tied to how much exercise they can do regularly. However, it’s important to adjust exercise routines based on the weather–avoid intense activities during extreme heat or cold. A good rule of thumb is if it’s too hot for your feet, it’s too hot for their paws.

Stay on top of their grooming

Maintain regular grooming to keep their coat in good condition, which can help regulate their body temperature. Never shave your pet’s coat too short, especially in hot weather, as it can expose their skin to sunburn and other risks.

Be vigilant for signs of health problems

Be vigilant for signs of allergies, such as excessive scratching or sneezing, and consult your vet if these symptoms appear. Specifically for the Philippines where most of the time it’s either hot or hotter, even when it’s the rainy season, it’s important to know the symptoms of overheating in pets which include excessive panting or difficulty breathing, drooling, or increased heart and respiratory rate.

Consider investing in pet insurance

With the weather and temperatures constantly changing, it’s essential to have financial protection in place for unexpected veterinary expenses. 

Regional insurtech Igloo, understanding how important it is to keep your pets healthy and your finances secure, developed Pet Insure in partnership with Malayan Insurance and GCash. Pet Insure is a tailored non-life insurance product designed to safeguard the health of dogs, regardless of their breed. This product empowers dog parents to address their fur babies’ needs comprehensively, from emergencies to accidents.

It provides a three-in-one coverage package, including medical reimbursement for veterinary care up to a maximum of P100,000, owner’s liability coverage of up to P250,000, and a personal accident cover for dog owners worth P50,000. All of this is available for as low as P650 for a one-month coverage period through the GCash GInsure marketplace.

As responsible pet parents, it’s essential to keep on top of any changes in your pets’ health and behavior, especially with weather changes. Being a little bit more vigilant and being prepared for any emergency can make a significant difference in keeping your furry friends healthy and happy all year round.

Learn more about Pet Insure by clicking this link.

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